The system comprises the main unit of the animal artificial climate chamber and an integrated modular energy metabolism cabin, achieving seamless integration of "environmental regulation" and " precision measurement."

• Precise:Real-time, continuous, high-precision monitoring of gas exchange (O₂/CO₂/CH₄/NH₃), quantifying key indicators including Net Energy (NE) and Metabolizable Energy (ME).
• Controllable: Integrates an artificial climate chamber to accurately simulate and control environmental factors (temperature, humidity, lighting), enabling research on environment-metabolism interactions.
• Intelligent: Synchronously collects data on feed intake, water intake, body weight, activity, and behavioral video to construct multi-dimensional metabolic phenotype profiles.
• Reliable: Specifically engineered for long-term, stable, and unattended scientific research and production scenarios, with secure and traceable data.

1.Indirect Calorimetry Monitoring:Bymeasuring Oxygen Consumption(VO₂)and CarbonDioxide Production (VCO₂), the system calculates Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR),Heat ProductionandRespiratory Exchange Ratio (RER)— the goldstandard for assessing energy metabolism.

2.The system supports feces/urine collection, real-time methane monitoring, and net energy analysis. Core indicators include:

• Gross Energy Intake（GE），Fecal Energy（FE），Urinary Energy（UE），Methane Emission-RelatedEnergy Loss（ME），Heat Increment（HI）

• Real-time recording of feed intake, water intake, and body weight fluctuations to generate dynamic "intake-body weight" curves — used to assess appetite regulation, obesity models, or the efficacy of drug interventions.
• Feed/Water Intake Control: Programmable scheduling of feeding/water intake times to enable precise nutritional intervention for intermittent fasting studies.
• Preference Testing: Supports feed/water preference assessments (e.g., high-fat vs. standard feed).

Real-time monitoring of in vivo physiological status via wireless microsensors (e.g., heart rate, body temperature, bloodpressure, electroencephalography[EEG], electromyography[EMG])——unrestrained,low-stress, and ideal for long-term chronic studies.

Automatic collection of animal feces and urine to prevent degradation, facilitating subsequent metabolomics, hormone analysis, and microbiota research.

The artificial climate chamber is a specialized facility for simulating diverse climatic conditions, with precise control over temperature, humidity, and lighting:

• Temperature Range: 6°C – 42°C (accuracy: ±0.8°C)
• Humidity Range: 30% – 95% RH (accuracy: ±4% RH)
• Lighting: 0 – 1000 lx, 100-step adjustable, with circadian rhythm simulation
• Air Quality: Real-time temperature/humidity monitoring; intelligent fresh air system

with continuously adjustable exchange rate (10–950 m³/h)

• Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) Visual Monitoring，Smart PTZ Control，High-Fidelity Audio Capture，Cloud Collaboration and
  Remote Management.

Matrix-Based High-Precision Gas Analysis: Multi-sensor collaborative architecture solves traditional sensor drift and low-precision bottlenecks. Intelligent data fusion and adaptive calibration ensure long -term stability for O₂ (accuracy: ≤0.01%) and CO₂ (accuracy: ≤0.01%) measurements.
Array-Based Gas Mixing Technology: Multi-point array air intake and 3D full-cabin sampling eliminate vertical concentration gradients caused by gas density differences (e.g., high CO₂ levels). Aerodynamic optimization ensures uniform gas mixing within 2 minutes—enabling minute-scalemetabolic monitoring.

The system primarily includes:

• Animal artificial climate chamber main unit
• Gas analyzer and controller
• Camera and audio monitoring system Fresh air and gas circulation control system
• Specialized monitoring modules
• Computer with supporting software

• Integrated Platform:Combines data acquisition, equipment control, real-time display, and playback analysis.Compliance & Safety:GLP-compliant, with user access control, operation audit trails, and support for data export (Excel/TXT formats).
• Comprehensive Parameters: Monitors VO2、O2in、O2out、DO2、ACCO2、VCO2、CO2in、CO2out、DCO2、DNH3、ACCCO2、RER、HEAT，Activity，feed intake, water intake, and body weight.

1. Animal Nutrition Research
From "empirical formulas" to "precision net energy systems":

Accurately measures VO2, VCO2, CH4emissions, and HI via indirect calorimetry to calculate Net Energy (NE).
——the actual effective energy for animal maintenance and production (surpassing traditional DE/ME evaluations).

2. Genetic Breeding
Metabolic phenotype-driven selection of "efficient, low-carbon" breeds:

Long-term stress-free monitoring of individual animals captures high-value phenotypic data (daily NE requirements, energy consumption per unit weight gain, CH4 emission intensity [g CH4/kg DMI], feeding behavior patterns). Integrates with genomic data to develop Genomic Selection (GS) models.
——accelerating the selection of elite breeding stock with "low feed intake, rapid growth, and low emissions."

3. Environmental Physiology
Decoding "climate-metabolism-health" interactions:

Simulates extreme temperatures (6–42°C), high humidity (>90% RH), and circadian rhythm disruption. Observes how animals adapt via metabolic rate adjustments, behavioral changes (reduced activity, increased water intake), and energy allocation reorganization
——providing a scientific basis for intelligent environmental control systems and welfare-based breeding standards.

4. Disease and Health Management
Dual-dimensional "metabolism-behavior" early warning system:

Captures energy metabolism imbalance signals via continuous monitoring of VO₂, VCO₂, and RER.Identifies abnormal behavioral traits (standing/lying duration, movement patterns,social interaction) through video analysis.Enables ultra-early warnings 24–72 hours prior to disease onset.

——reducing treatment costs and mortality rates while enhancing biosafety standards and animal welfare.

[1]Qinqin He, Liwei Ji, Yanyan Wang, Yarong Zhang, Haiyan Wang, Junyan Wang, Qing Zhu, Maodi Xie, Wei Ou, Jun Liu, Kuo Tang, Kening Lu, Qingmei Liu, Jian Zhou, Rui Zhao, Xintian Cai, Nanfang Li, Yang Cao, Tao Li, Acetate enables metabolic ftness and cognitive perormance during sleep disruption, Cell Metabolism (IF 29.0)), 2024,ISSN 1550-4131.

[2]Chen Z, Deng X, Shi C, et al. GLP-1R–positive neurons in the lateral septum mediate the anorectic an d weight-lowering efects of liraglutide in mice[J]. Te Journal of Clinical Investigation (IF 19.456), 2024, 134(17).

[3]Wu N, Yin A, Yu X, et al. Exclusive Breastfeeding Drives AMPK‐Dependent Thermogenic Memory in BAT and Promotes Long‐Term Metabolic Benefits in Offspring[J]. Advanced Science( IF=14.1), 2025: e08956.

[4] Xu Y, Jiang J, Li T, et al. Alginate oligosaccharides prevent and treat obesity by promoting brown fat  thermogenesis rather than regulating gut microbiota[J]. Journal of Advanced Research (IF 13.0), 2025.

[5]Gao Y, Zhang J, Cao M, et al. MDPAO1 Peptide from Human Milk Enhances Brown Adipose Tissue Termogenesis and Mitigates Obesity[J]. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 2024: 112443.

[6]Su D, Jiang T, Song Y, et al. Identifcation of a distal enhancer of Ucp1 essential for thermogenesis and mitochondrial function in brown fat[J]. Communications Biology, 2025, 8(1): 31.

[7]Zhang J, Li S, Cheng X, et al. Graphene-Based Far-Infrared Terapy Promotes Adipose Tissue Termogenesis and UCP1 Activation to Combat Obesity in Mice[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2025, 26(5): 2225.

......