Homer1 protein is a scaffolding molecule that plays a crucial role in modulating synaptic plasticity and signal transduction within neurons. It interacts with group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and other synaptic proteins, influencing their localization, signaling, and trafficking. Homer1 consists of different isoforms, including Homer1a, which acts as an immediate early gene product and can regulate synaptic function and plasticity by altering the interaction between mGluRs and other proteins. This protein is also implicated in various neurological conditions due to its role in synaptic processes and its ability to affect neuronal excitability and neurotransmission.
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