The primary function of Hemoglobin (Hb) is to transport oxygen (O2) from the lung to tissues, binding and releasing O2 in a cooperative manner [PMID: 32189307]. Hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of two α-subunits (α1 and α2) and two βsubunits (β1 and β2) that are structurally similar and about the same size. The two αβ dimers (named α1β1 and α2β2) are arranged around a 2-fold axis of symmetry resulting in a large central water cavity in the T or unliganded or deoxygenated structure and a narrower cavity in the R or liganded or oxygenated structure.
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