Thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R), also known as TPO-R, is predominantly expressed on the surface of megakaryocytes (MKs), platelets, hemangioblasts, and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Binding of thrombopoietin (TPO) to the megakaryocyte TPO-R leads to several effects: prevention of megakaryocyte apoptosis, increased megakaryocyte number, size, and ploidy, accelerated maturation of megakaryocytes, and internalization of the TPO/TPO-R complex. Thrombopoietin R is involved in multiple signal transduction pathways, including JAK, STAT, and MAP kinase pathways.
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