The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1) serves as a receptor for WNT5A and associated Wnt proteins, which are crucial in embryonic development. They regulate key cellular processes such as migration, polarity, neural patterning, and organ formation. ROR1 facilitates these functions by transmitting signals from the Wnt family of secreted glycoproteins to the intracellular Wnt/PCP and Wnt/Ca++ pathways.
In adult human cells, especially in cancer cells, the WNT5A/ROR1 signaling axis has been shown to activate multiple pathways beyond the two mentioned, including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, STAT3, and the Hippo pathway. Abnormal expression of ROR1 is observed in cancer, where it is linked to tumor progression and reduced survival rates. ROR1 contributes to these outcomes by enhancing cell proliferation, survival, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis.
Given its role in cancer biology, ROR1 is a target for various therapeutic strategies currently under investigation for potential use in cancer treatment.
中文
