Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRs) are inhibitory, stimulatory or soluble receptors encoded within the leukocyte receptor complex. LILRs includes activating (LILRA1, LILRA2, LILRA3) and inhibitory (LILRB1, LILRB2, LILRB3, LILRB4, LILRB5) isoforms. LILRA2, also known as CD85H and LIR7 (Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 7), is expressed predominantly on monocytes and B cells, and at lower levels on dendritic cells and natural killer cells. The encoded protein is an activating receptor that inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and antigen presentation and suppresses innate immune response. It consists of 2-4 extracellular Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain (TM), and a short cytoplasmic tail. LILRA2 contains 4 Ig-like C2 type domains in the extracellular region. LILRA2 was recently reported to bind to other unique ligands, the bacterially degraded Igs (N-truncated Igs), for the activation of immune cells.
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