Carcinoembryonic Antigen-related Cell Adhesion Molecule 3 (CEACAM-3), or CD66d, is part of the CEA protein family consisting of CEACAMs and the pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs). Both CEACAM and PSG molecules have been identified in humans and belong to the much larger glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Human CEACAM-3 is ~35 kDa, consisting of an extracellular domain (ECD) containing one IgV-like domain, a single transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail. CEACAM family members are widely expressed in epithelial, endothelial, and hematopoietic cells, including neutrophils, T-cells, and NK cells. CEACAMs appear to be capable of transmitting signals that result in a variety of effects depending on the tissue, including tumor suppression, tumor promotion, angiogenesis, neutrophil activation, lymphocyte activation, regulation of the cell cycle, and regulation of adhesion. CEACAMs have now been associated with numerous intracellular signaling processes including cell adhesion, cell growth, recognition and differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. CD66d antibody increases neutrophil adhesion to the monolayer of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
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