The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a mostly intracellularly expressed membrane- associated receptor, which is best known for mediating the extraordinarily long half-life of IgG and placental transport of thereof. FcRn complex consists of two subunits: p51, and p14 which is equivalent to beta-2-microglobulin, and forms an MHC class I-like heterodimer. The FcRn, is expressed in human placental syncytiotrophoblast, capillary endothelium, intestinal epithelium, and other tissues. FcRn dependent placental transport of IgE from mother to offspring in mice. The FcRn interacts with IgG and albumin at acidic pH within endosomes, thus protecting these plasma proteins from degradation to keep a long plasma half-life. FcRn binds IgG with nanomolar affinities at low pH (≤6.5) (found in intracellular vacuoles), while at physiological pH (7.4) this affinity is low.
中文
