Butyrophilin-like 2
(BTNL2) is a member of the BTN/MOG Ig-superfamily and functions as a negative
regulator of immune cell activation.BTNL2 is expressed in epithelial cells of
the small intestine, colonic dendritic cells, and in cells of the lymph node.
BTNL2 expression is upregulated in T cells following activation, a
characteristic BTNL2 shares with the homologous B7 family of co-stimulatory
molecules. BTNL2 negatively regulates T cells by inhibiting proliferation and
inflammatory cytokine secretion. It also increases the expression of FoxP3 in T
cells to promote regulatory T cell development. Single nucleotide polymorphisms
in BTNL2 are associated with a risk for sporadic prostate cancer, rheumatoid
arthritis, sarcoidosis, ulcerative colitis, and other inflammatory diseases.
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