PITPNM3 (also known as NIR2 or PITPNM family member 3) is a membrane-associated protein belonging to the PITPNM family, playing a significant role in intracellular phosphatidylinositol transfer and signaling. This protein contains a conserved phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITP) domain, which enables it to bind and transfer lipid molecules such as phosphatidylinositol, thereby regulating cell membrane composition and lipid metabolism. PITPNM3 is also involved in modulating intracellular calcium homeostasis, cytoskeleton reorganization, and membrane trafficking processes, particularly in lipid exchange between the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum. Research indicates that PITPNM3 has critical functions in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, and is associated with pathological processes such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Its expression and activity are regulated by multiple signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways, making it a potential therapeutic target.
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