CENPM protein, also known as centromere protein M, is an inner protein of the kinetochore, a multi-protein complex that binds spindle microtubules to regulate chromosome segregation during cell division. It belongs to the constitutive centromere-associated network protein group, whose members interact with outer kinetochore proteins and help maintain centromere identity at each cell division cycle. CENPM is structurally related to GTPases but cannot bind guanosine triphosphate. A point mutation affecting its interaction with CENP-I impairs kinetochore assembly and chromosome alignment, suggesting its requirement for kinetochore formation. CENPM is upregulated in various types of cancer, including glioblastoma multiforme, and is associated with poor prognosis. It plays a role in cell cycle regulation and may contribute to tumor metastasis and recurrence. CENPM is rarely mutated in human cancers, making it a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
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