Lamin A/C is a crucial nuclear protein encoded by the LMNA gene, playing a significant role in maintaining the structural integrity of the cell nucleus. It is part of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer that provides support to the nuclear envelope and helps in organizing the chromatin. Beyond its structural function, lamin A/C is involved in various cellular processes, including gene regulation, DNA replication and repair, cell differentiation, and mechanosensing. Mutations in the lamin A/C gene can lead to a range of diseases collectively known as laminopathies, which include muscular dystrophy, lipodystrophy, and certain forms of cardiomyopathy. Additionally, lamin A/C has been implicated in cancer, where its deregulation can contribute to genomic instability and affect the mechanical resilience of tumor cells.
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