Histone H3 (acetyl K9), or H3K9ac, is a specific modification of the histone protein H3, where the lysine at position 9 is acetylated. This epigenetic mark is associated with active gene transcription and an open chromatin state, which facilitates the access of the transcription machinery to DNA. H3K9ac plays a role in recruiting proteins important for transcription elongation, such as the super elongation complex (SEC), thereby promoting the transition from transcription initiation to elongation. It is also implicated in the regulation of gene expression, with studies suggesting that it can influence the binding of other proteins to chromatin and affect the overall chromatin structure. Moreover, H3K9ac is involved in the balance between acetylation and methylation of histone H3 on lysine 9, which is crucial for the regulation of gene expression and the establishment of chromatin domains. This modification is part of the broader histone code, which contributes to the regulation of chromatin states and gene expression in response to various cellular signals and developmental cues.
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