PDHA1, or pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha 1, is a crucial component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc), which is a mitochondrial multienzyme complex that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2, providing a primary link between glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Phosphorylation of PDHA1 at Ser293 (PDHA1 phospho S293) is an important regulatory modification that affects the activity of the PDH complex, which is crucial for the regulation of glucose metabolism and fatty acid oxidation, which are sensitive targets for insulin action.