E-selectin, also known as CD62E, is a cell adhesion molecule that plays a significant role in the immune system, particularly during inflammation and the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of infection or tissue damage. It is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and facilitates the rolling and adhesion of leukocytes, such as neutrophils and monocytes, along the endothelium. E-selectin's interaction with its ligands on leukocytes is crucial for the initiation of inflammatory responses. It binds to specific carbohydrate structures present on the surface of leukocytes, mediating the initial steps of leukocyte extravasation into tissues. This process is highly regulated and involves a dynamic expression of E-selectin, which is upregulated in response to inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). In addition to its role in leukocyte recruitment, E-selectin has been implicated in the activation of cellular processes within neutrophils.
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