Lamin B1 is a critical component of the nuclear lamina, a protein network underlying the inner nuclear membrane, and plays essential roles in nuclear organization, chromatin regulation, and cell proliferation. It is particularly important during brain development, where it contributes to neuronal migration and the maintenance of nuclear integrity. Lamin B1 also interacts with chromatin and the nuclear pore complex, influencing gene expression and DNA replication. The balance of Lamin B1 is crucial; both its overexpression and deficiency can lead to developmental abnormalities and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have highlighted its dynamic association with euchromatin regions, suggesting a role in gene regulation and the cellular response to stimuli such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Lamin B1's interaction with the genome is complex and involves the formation of lamina-associated domains (LADs), which can change during cellular transformations, indicating its active participation in chromatin remodeling and the regulation of cellular identity.
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