Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) refers to the phosphorylated form of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. These kinases are part of the MAPK signaling pathway, which is a series of protein kinases that play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The phosphorylation of Erk1/2 at specific residues, Thr202 and Tyr204, is a key regulatory event that activates these kinases. When Erk1/2 are phosphorylated at these sites, they become active and can then phosphorylate a variety of target proteins, thereby transmitting signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus.
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