NaK-ATPase, also known as the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) or simply the sodium pump, is a crucial transmembrane protein found in the plasma membrane of animal cells. Utilizing the energy released from ATP hydrolysis, Na+/K+-ATPase actively transports Na+ ions out of the cell against their concentration gradient while simultaneously transporting K+ ions into the cell. This ion transport activity is essential for maintaining the electrochemical gradients across the cell membrane, contributing to the stability of the intracellular and extracellular environments. In addition to its role as an ion pump, Na+/K+-ATPase has signaling functions. It can serve as a receptor for certain hormones and drugs, participating in intracellular signaling cascades.
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