CD239 protein is a specific structural protein that contains five extracellular globulin domains, a transmembrane region, and a short C-terminal cytoplasmic tail. This protein may play an important role in certain biological processes, such as epithelial cell carcinoma and vaso-occlusive events in sickle cell disease erythrocytes. In terms of genetic polymorphism, CD239 defines some antigens in the Lutheran and Auberger systems. Additionally, two transcriptional variants encoding different isoforms of this gene have been identified, demonstrating its complexity in gene expression.
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