CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein primarily known as a biomarker for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, as well as endothelial cells. It functions as an adhesion molecule, mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. CD34 is crucial in clinical settings for the isolation and enrichment of hematopoietic stem cells used in bone marrow transplantation. Although it is predominantly associated with hematopoietic cells, CD34 is also expressed on various non-hematopoietic cells, including endothelial precursors, fibrocytes, and muscle satellite cells. Its exact function remains under investigation, but it is believed to play roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and intracellular signaling.
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