Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is a transmembrane protein found in synaptic vesicles throughout the brain, playing a crucial role in neuronal function. It is involved in regulating neurotransmitter release by modulating the coupling between calcium entry and neurotransmitter release during exocytosis. SV2A also interacts with other synaptic proteins, such as synaptotagmin, and may have additional functions including the transport of galactose and interaction with extracellular matrix components like laminin. Notably, SV2A is the specific target of the anti-epileptic drug levetiracetam, which has led to increased interest in its role in epilepsy and other neurological disorders. Recent studies have also suggested that SV2A may have a mitochondrial localization and function, potentially acting as a fusion or fission factor, which could be relevant to the study of mitochondrial dysfunctions in diseases like Alzheimer鈥檚.
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