PIK3CG, also known as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma, is a key component of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family. It encodes a class I catalytic subunit that binds to the p85 regulatory subunit to form the PI3K complex, which catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), an essential step in cellular signaling. This gene is located on chromosome 7 and is highly expressed in immune cells, playing crucial roles in cell growth, survival, metabolism, and migration. Abnormal expression or mutations in PIK3CG are associated with various diseases, including immune disorders, cancers, and neurological conditions like autism. Additionally, PIK3CG has been implicated as a potential biomarker for diabetic retinopathy and a target for therapeutic interventions.
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