Tau (phospho T212/S214) refers to the phosphorylation of the tau protein at threonine 212 and serine 214 residues. Phosphorylation at T212 and S214 is associated with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Phosphorylation at T212 and S214 affects the interaction of Tau with DNA and nucleosomes. This modification can reduce its DNA binding affinity and disrupt its phase separation with 12mer arrays, which may have implications for tau's biological role in the nucleus. The levels of phosphorylated tau at T212/S214 increase with healthy aging, and Alzheimer's progression correlates with an increase of nuclear tau phosphorylated at S202/T205 (AT8 antibody epitope), culminating with the exit of tau from the nucleus.
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