MTCO2 is a subunit of cytochrome c oxidase, which is the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This enzyme complex drives oxidative phosphorylation and is responsible for the reduction of oxygen to water, a process that is essential for cellular energy metabolism. MTCO2 contributes to cytochrome-c oxidase activity and is predicted to be involved in mitochondrial electron transport from cytochrome c to oxygen, as well as in the positive regulation of vasoconstriction. It is a biomarker of Huntington's disease and stomach cancer, highlighting its importance in human health and disease. MTCO2 also serves as a prognostic marker in certain types of cancer, including liver hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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