Lamin A is a type V intermediate filament protein essential for maintaining the integrity and mechanical properties of the nucleus. It is part of the nuclear lamina, which is a network of proteins beneath the inner nuclear membrane that helps determine the shape and size of the nucleus. Lamin A is involved in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle progression. It interacts with the nuclear envelope and chromatin, influencing cellular processes such as DNA replication, cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction. Lamin A also serves as a "mechanosensor," linking the cytoskeleton and nuclear structures, and plays a role in the response to mechanical stress within the cell. Overexpression of Lamin A/C protein has been observed in invasive prostate cancer and is implicated in promoting cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion through the PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway.
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