Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is an important antioxidant enzyme that belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. It is found in various tissues and organs, with particularly high levels in red blood cells. PRDX2 plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. In the context of neurological disorders, PRDX2 has been shown to reduce the production of ROS and is involved in regulating various signaling pathways in neurons. It protects neurons from oxidative stress and inflammation. However, an increase in PRDX2 levels, as a damage-associated molecular pattern, can accelerate brain damage after stroke by triggering an inflammatory response. PRDX2 is also implicated in various human diseases, including its role in cancer. Depending on the type of cancer and the stage of tumor development, PRDX2 may act as either a tumor suppressor or a promoter. Its overexpression has been linked to the development of various cancers, such as those of the colon, cervix, breast, and prostate. In addition to cancer, PRDX2 plays a role in inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, influencing the cellular response to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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