Histone H3 (Crotonyl K18 + K23)" refers to Histone H3 that has undergone a particular type of PTM known as crotonylation at two specific lysine residues: lysine 18 (K18) and lysine 23 (K23). Crotonylation is a type of acylation, where an acyl group (in this case, a crotonyl group, derived from crotonic acid) is added to a lysine residue on the histone protein. This modification is thought to have regulatory functions similar to other acylations, such as acetylation, which are often associated with active gene transcription. Crotonylation of histone H3 at K18 and K23 may alter the interaction of histones with DNA and other chromatin-associated proteins, thereby influencing chromatin structure and accessibility to transcription factors and other regulatory complexes.
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