Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a crucial protein component of plasma lipoproteins that plays diverse essential functions in the human body. ApoA1 is the major structural protein of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol from body tissues to the liver for metabolism and excretion, a process known as reverse cholesterol transport. It possesses anti-atherogenic properties, helping to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated ApoA1 levels may be observed in diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, hyperlipoproteinemia, and liver dysfunction. Long-term alcohol consumption, the use of contraceptives, menopause, and long-term estrogen use among women may also lead to increased ApoA1 levels.
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