Heme is a complex molecule with an iron atom at its center, surrounded by a porphyrin ring. This structure enables heme to bind with oxygen and other molecules, making it essential for oxygen transport and carbon dioxide removal in the blood. In medical examinations, heme is crucial for several tests. Measuring hemoglobin levels assesses the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity. The presence of heme in urine can indicate conditions such as hemolytic anemia, renal diseases, and certain cancers.

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