Endothelin Receptor B (EDNRB) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) whose activity and function are regulated by G proteins. These G proteins activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. EDNRB is widely expressed throughout the human body and plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological activities.
EDNRB binds to endothelin (ET) ligands and transmits signals into the cell via an intracellular Ca²⁺/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase second messenger system. This process promotes the rapid release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum and sarcoplasmic reticulum, facilitating downstream signaling events.
Endothelin exerts its biological functions through its receptors, such as EDNRB. Together, endothelin and its receptors (ETRs) form the endothelin axis. The endothelin axis has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. In the context of oncology, the endothelin axis exhibits pro-tumor effects, promoting tumor growth, metastasis, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis.