The Adenosine Receptor A2AR (ADORA2A) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. GPCRs are seven-transmembrane proteins that transduce extracellular signals into intracellular responses. A2AR binds adenosine as its endogenous agonist and interacts with Gs and Golf proteins to increase intracellular cAMP levels. This receptor plays crucial roles in cardiac rhythm, cerebral and renal blood flow, immune function, pain modulation, and sleep regulation. It is also associated with pathophysiological conditions such as inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. The A2AR receptor is a key player in multiple physiological processes and holds significant potential as a therapeutic target. The A2AR protein product may enhance drug discovery efforts.