TCR 纬 protein is a key component of the 纬未 T cell receptor (TCR), which is a heterodimer comprising TCR纬 and TCR未 chains. Unlike the 伪尾 TCR, which primarily recognizes peptide antigens presented by MHC molecules, the 纬未 TCR can identify a diverse range of antigens in an MHC-independent manner. This includes small phosphorylated non-peptide antigens, such as those produced by cellular pathogens and cancers. The 纬未 TCR is associated with three CD3 dimeric subunits鈥擟D3蔚纬, CD3蔚未, and CD3味味鈥攆orming an octameric 纬未 TCR鈥揅D3 complex. This complex plays a crucial role in the immune response by triggering the phosphorylation of ITAMs within the cytoplasmic tails of CD3 subunits upon antigen engagement, initiating downstream signaling events. The 纬未 TCR鈥揅D3 complex is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy due to its unique properties and effector functions. TCR 未 protein is a component of the 纬未 T cell receptor (TCR), forming a heterodimer with TCR 纬 chain. This 纬未 TCR is expressed on 纬未 T cells, which are a unique subset of T cells with both adaptive and innate immune characteristics. Unlike 伪尾 TCRs that primarily recognize peptide antigens presented by MHC molecules, 纬未 TCRs can recognize a diverse range of antigens in an MHC-independent manner. TCR 未, along with TCR 纬, undergoes somatic recombination of V, D, and J gene segments to generate diversity. The 纬未 TCR-CD3 complex, which includes TCR 纬, TCR 未, and CD3 subunits, plays a crucial role in antigen recognition and T cell activation. Upon antigen binding, the complex triggers the phosphorylation of ITAMs in the CD3 subunits, initiating downstream signaling pathways that lead to T cell proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions. This makes the 纬未 TCR-CD3 complex an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy, as it can provide broad protective immune responses against various infections and tumors.