Beta IV Tubulin is a member of the beta tubulin family, encoded by the TUBB4A gene, and is primarily involved in the formation of microtubules, which are essential components of the cytoskeleton. It plays a critical role in cellular functions such as maintaining cell shape, facilitating intracellular transport, and enabling cell division. Beta IV Tubulin is selectively expressed in oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, where it helps transport myelin proteins, lipids, and RNA during myelination. Additionally, it is required for the proper structure and function of cilia in various tissues, including the trachea, ependyma, and testis. Mutations in the TUBB4A gene can lead to neurological disorders such as hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and dystonia.