Slit guidance ligand 2 (Slit-2) is a new type of adipoprotein, and the full-length Slit-2 protein is a secretory ligand. This protein splits into two fragments, a 140 kDa N-terminal product (Slit-2-N) and a 50–60 kDa C-terminal product (Slit-2-C), and interacts with Robo receptors. Robo receptors are divided into Robo1, Robo2, Robo3 and Robo4, and the binding of Slit-2 to specific Robo receptors regulates specific cell functions. Slit-2 has been reported to play an important role in neuronal and vascular development. Slit-2 is also involved in the development of many organs and is related to cancer apoptosis, migration, invasion, occurrence and development. In addition, Slit-2 can regulate different inflammatory diseases and inflammatory phenotypes and then determine the activity and severity of the disease.