The Leishmania Ab Rapid Test is a lateral flow immunoassay for the qualitative detection of antibodies including IgG, IgM, and IgA to the subspecies of the Leishmania donovani (L. donovani), the Visceral leishmaniasis causative protozoans in human serum or plasma. This test is intended to be used as a screening test and as an aid in the diagnosis of the disease of Visceral leishmaniasis. Any reactive specimen with the Leishmania Ab Rapid Test must be confirmed with alternative testing method(s).
Visceral leishmaniasis, or Kala-azar, is a disseminated infection caused by several subspecies of the L. donovani. The disease is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) to affect approximately 12 million people in 88 countries1. It is transmitted to humans by bites of the Phlebotomus sandflies, which acquire infection from feeding on infected animals. Though it is a disease for poor countries, in Southern Europe, it has become the leading opportunistic infection in AIDS patients2-3.
Identification of L. donovani organism from the blood, bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes or the spleen provides a definite means of diagnosis. However, these test methods are limited by the sampling method and the special instrument requirement. Serological detection of anti-L. donovani Ab is found to be an excellent marker for the infection of Visceral leishmaniasis. Tests used in clinic include: ELISA, fluorescent antibody and direct agglutination tests4-5. Recently, utilization of L. donovani specific protein in the test has improved the sensitivity and specificity dramatically6-7.
The Leishmania Ab Rapid Test is a recombinant protein based serological test, which detects antibodies including IgG, IgM and IgA to the L. Donovani. This test provides a reliable result within 10 minutes without any instrumentation requirements.
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